Fund managers buy and sell securities throughout the year, sometimes at a profit, sometimes at a loss. When profits outweigh losses, they accumulate and contribute to the rise of the net asset value (NAV), or share price, of the fund’s shares. When that profit is paid out to shareholders as a capital gain distribution, its NAV will be reduced by the amount of the distribution.
However, this doesn’t mean that investors are losing money. Investors can either take capital gain distributions in cash or reinvest them, as most investors do. If capital gains are reinvested, the number of shares in the account will increase, leaving the total value of the account unaffected by the distribution.