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Japan
Revitalising an undervalued market: is Japan finally prioritising shareholders?
Akira Horiguchi
Equity Portfolio Manager
Christophe Braun
Investment director

Japan is looking to modernise its corporate landscape and prioritise shareholders – but after many false dawns, is this time different?


The Tokyo Stock Exchange has asked companies to improve profitability and valuations – focusing on those with price to book ratios (P/B) below one. If a business generates return on equity above cost of capital, its P/B should improve and ways of achieving this include reducing excess cash on balance sheets and shedding underperforming subsidiaries.


Japan Inc. is cash heavy

Percentage of index constituents with positive net cash positions

Percentage of index constituents with positive net cash positions

As at end August 2023. Net cash reflects the difference between the cash and short-term securities reported on a company's balance sheet and its outstanding debt. Sources: Capital Group, FactSet, Refinitiv Datastream, Standard & Poor's, STOXX, TOPIX

In the short term, this backdrop has boosted Japanese equities to highs not seen since the late 1980s, driven by value stocks. Meanwhile, Capex and foreign direct investment are rising and the country is among few trying to create inflation after decades of deflation.


Capital Group engaged with over 100 Japanese companies on capital allocation this year and several show improving shareholder return policies. But according to portfolio manager Akira Horiguchi, even if companies with a lower book value improve this to above 1x, the index may only rise a relatively small percentage (around 15%) because most stocks involved are not large constituents.


“We believe these changes should not stop with companies below 1x book but evolve into something more broad-based,” he says.


“Many Japanese companies above 1x book do not earn a high enough ROE due to cash hoarding or insufficient business portfolio management. If we saw meaningful change here, there may exist a true opportunity for paradigm shift.”



Akira Horiguchi is an equity portfolio manager at Capital Group. Akira has 29 years of investment industry experience and has been with CG for 22 years. He holds a bachelor’s degree in economics from Tokyo University. He is also a chartered member of the Security Analysts Association of Japan. He is based in Tokyo.

Christophe Braun is an investment director at Capital Group with responsibility for covering equities. He has 14 years of investment industry experience and has been with Capital Group for eight years. He holds a master's degree in financial and industrial economics from Royal Holloway University of London and a diploma of science in business management and economics from University Leopold Franzens in Austria. Christophe is based in Luxembourg. 


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