1 Source: Capital Group.
2 Note: A separate process is employed for monitoring of sovereigns, municipal bonds, structured products and private corporates. Source: Capital Group, MSCI, Sustainalytics
3 Berg, Florian, Kölbel, Julian and Rigobon, Roberto. 2019. "Aggregate Confusion: The Divergence of ESG Ratings." MIT Sloan School Working Paper 5822-19, MIT Sloan School of Management, Cambridge, MA.
4 Source: Capital Group, MSCI, Sustainalytics. Data as of December 31, 2020. ESG: Environmental, Social and Governance. Source: Capital Group MSCI ACWI is a free float-adjusted market capitalization-weighted index that is designed to measure equity market results in the global developed and emerging markets, consisting of more than 40 developed and emerging market country indexes. *This was done for MSCI, RobecoSAM and Sustainalytics across various environmental and social dimensions. y = -0.2837x + 4.674. R² = 0.1887.
5 American Accounting Association, "Why is Corporate Virtue in the Eye of the Beholder? The Case of ESG Ratings," April 8, 2021.
6 Source: Capital Group.
7 Nagy, Zoltán, Kassam, Altaf and Lee, Linda-Eling. June 2015. "Can ESG Add Alpha? An Analysis of ESG Tilt and Momentum Strategies." MSCI ESG Research Inc.
8 Data as of 30 June 2021. Source: Capital Group. Screened holdings include corporate bonds and equity holdings. NOTE: There are a small number of holdings in the fund that are not currently rated by the ESG data providers we use for monitoring.
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